Question

How are descent with modifications and natural selection related?

Answer 1

Descent modification includes variations and mutations within the genes of offspring. As some genes and genetic combinations are advantageous in certain environments natural selection “selects for” them, which implies that these organisms have better opportunities to survive and mate than their peers that lack these advantageous genes.

Complete answer:
Charles Darwin was a British naturalist who proposed the idea of biological evolution by natural selection. Darwin defined evolution as "descent with modification," the thought that species change over time, make new species, and share a typical ancestor.
The mechanism that Darwin proposed for evolution is natural action. Since the resources are limited in nature, organisms with heritable traits which favor survival and reproduction go away more offspring than their peers, causing the traits to extend in frequency over generations.
Natural selection causes populations to become adapted, or increasingly well-suited, to their environments over time. Selection depends on the environment and requires existing heritable variation during a group.
In the mid-nineteenth century, the mechanism for evolution was independently conceived of and described by two naturalists: Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace. Importantly, each naturalist frolicked exploring the plants on expeditions to the tropics.

Darwin's seminal book, On the Origin of Species, set forth his ideas about evolution and activity. These ideas were supported by observations from Darwin's travels round the globe. Over the course of his travels, Darwin began to work out intriguing patterns within the distribution and features of organisms.

The species on the islands had a graded series of beak sizes and shapes with very small differences between the foremost similar. He observed that these finches closely resembled another finch species on the mainland of South America. Darwin imagined that the island species can be species modified from one in all the first mainland species. Upon further study, he realized that numerous beaks of every finch helped the birds acquire a selected form of food.

Wallace and Darwin both observed similar patterns in other organisms and that they independently developed the identical explanation for the way and why such changes could happen. Darwin called this mechanism selection. Selection, also referred to as “survival of the fittest,” is that the more prolific reproduction of people with favorable traits that survive environmental change thanks to those traits; this ends up in evolutionary change.

Natural selection, Darwin argued, was an inevitable outcome of three principles that operated in nature. Firstly, most of the characteristics of organisms are inherited, or passed from parent to offspring. Although nobody, including Darwin and Wallace, knew how this happened at the time, it had been a typical understanding. Second, more offspring are produced than are ready to survive, so resources for survival and reproduction are limited. The capacity for replica all told organisms outstrips the provision of resources to support their numbers. Thus, there's competition for those resources in each generation. Both Darwin and Wallace’s understanding of this principle came from reading an essay by the economist economic expert who discussed this principle in reference to human populations. Third, offspring vary among one another in respect to their characteristics and people variations are inherited. Darwin and Wallace reasoned that offspring with inherited characteristics which permit them to best compete for limited resources will survive and have more offspring than those individuals with variations that are less able to compete. Because characteristics are inherited, these traits are better represented within the next generation. This may result in change in populations over generations during a process that Darwin called descent with modification. Ultimately, selection results in greater adaptation of the population to its local environment; it's the sole mechanism known for adaptive evolution.

Note: While Charles Darwin is usually called “the father of evolution,” the fundamental idea for this idea was actually developed by both Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace. Darwin particularly focused on animals of the Galapagos Islands, especially finches. Over time, the thought that species changed from action pressures through “descent with modification” gave rise to the thought of evolution. Data accumulated over time, as an example the long study of the Galapagos finches by the Grant research team, has supported this concept and moved it into the realm of a supported theory of biology.