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Question: How are \[1 - \] nitro propane, \[2 - \]Nitro propane and \[2 - \]methyl-\[2 - \]-nitropropane disti...

How are 1−1 - nitro propane, 2−2 - Nitro propane and 2−2 - methyl-2−2 - -nitropropane distinguished from each other using the nitrous acid?

Explanation

Solution

2−2 - Nitropropane is a synthetic colourless liquid, flammable in nature and slightly soluble in water whereas greatly soluble in aromatic compounds like ether, hydrocarbons, esters, ketones. Its molecular formula isC3H7NO2{C_3}{H_7}N{O_2}.

Complete answer:
Now let’s move to each option one by one to see their reaction with nitrous acid, as they react with nitrous acid to produce coloured compounds.
So , first taking 1−1 - nitropropane – It reacts with nitrous acid to produce blue colored intermediate compound nitroso nitroalkanes , which further dissolves in alkali NaOHNaOH to produce red colored compound as shown in figure given below .

Now, talking about 2−2 - Nitropropane – It also reacts with nitrous acid to produce blue colored intermediate compound nitroso nitroalkanes. But further it does not dissolve in alkali NaOHNaOH , because of the absence of α−H\alpha - H, (alpha hydrogen) .

Coming to 2−2 - methyl-2−2 - -nitropropane, it does not react even with nitrous acid to produce blue colored intermediate compound nitroso nitroalkanes because of the absence ofα−H\alpha - H, (alpha hydrogen).
So, here we are clear about the way to distinguish between 1−1 - nitropropane, 2−2 - Nitropropane and 2−2 - methyl-2−2 - -nitropropane.

Note:
1−1 - nitropropane is used as starting material for the formation of other compounds especially in paint industries. 2−2 - Nitro propane is used as a solvent or additive in inks, varnishes, polymers. It is used as a solvent and also used in pharmaceutical companies for the formation of compounds like chlorphentermine , teclozan , phentermine . Basically they have a great use in chemical industries also especially in paint based industries .