Question

Hardy- Weinberg Law of population genetics applies to the population where mating is
(a)Apomictic
(b)Panmictic
(c)Both A and B
(d)None of them

Answer 1

A population where all individuals are potential partners which assumes that there are no mating restrictions, neither genetic nor behavioral, upon the population and that therefore all recombination is possible.

Complete answer:
In a population, a principle stating that the genetic variation will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors is known as the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This law predicts that both genotype and allele frequencies will remain constant as they are in equilibrium due to the random mating in a large population with no kind of disruptive circumstance.
The meaning of panmixia or panmixia can be said as random mating. A population is said as a panmictic one where all individuals are potential partners. Regardless of any physical, genetic, or social preference, in genetics, random mating involves the mating of individuals or we can say the mating between two organisms is not influenced by any environmental, hereditary, or social interaction and therefore, potential mates have an equal chance of being selected. Random mating between organisms in a panmictic population is a factor assumed in the Hardy-Weinberg principle.

Additional Information: 1) Several forces like mutations, natural selection, nonrandom mating, genetic drift, and gene flow can disturb the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
2) This principle was known as Hardy's law in the honor of G. H. Hardy, a British mathematician until 1943 when Curt Stern pointed out that it had first been formulated independently in 1908 by the German physician Wilhelm Weinberg. In 1903 William Castle also derived the ratios for the special case of equal allele frequencies, and it is sometimes (but rarely) called the Hardy–Weinberg–Castle Law.
3) A marine green alga (Monostroma latissimum) in a panmictic population of shows sympatric speciation in southwest Japanese islands, the population is diversifying and another species Pantala flavescens should be considered as a global panmictic population.
So, the correct answer is, ‘panmictic’.

Note: A comparison between a population's actual genetic structure over time with the genetic structure can be done with the Hardy-Weinberg model where we would expect that the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (i.e., not evolving) and if genotype frequencies differ from those under equilibrium, we can assume that one or more of the model's assumptions are being violated, and attempt to determine which one(s).