Question

Guha and Maheshwari are famous for
A. Shoot tip culture
B. Protoplast fusion
C. Embryoid culture
D. Pollen culture

Answer 1

Hint:- Shipra Guha-Mukherjee and Satish Chandra Maheshwari were the Indian botanists who worked on plant tissue culture. Guha and Maheshwari developed a technique to improve the varieties of crops.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
Using Datura innoxia as the culture content Guha and Maheshwari discovered the technique of development of haploid pollen plants through another culture.
In order to produce homozygous pure lines of haploid plants, they developed a new high-speed culture technique which is now in use for crop improvement and commercial production of horticultural and ornamental plants.
This work contributed to the development of methods of cultivation of young ovules and ovaries.
As an additional tool for obtaining improved varieties of rice,wheat, potato and other crops, this process has also been used.
Their research on plant growth hormones returned new protocols for the isolation of cytokinins and gibberellins and elucidated the function of salicylic acid during the flowering period. Their work assisted in genetic engineering of plants and in the phytochrome control of plant metabolism.
So the correct answer is Option (D) Pollen culture..

Additional information:
Shipra Guha-Mukherjee born on 13 July 1938, was an Indian botanist who worked in plant tissue culture, plant molecular biology, biotechnology, and molecular biology for cells. The female scientist Shipra Guha Mukharji, who was behind the groundbreaking discovery of "The haploid plant processing technique from anther culture."

Satish Chandra Maheshwari born on 4 October 1933 was an Indian botanist and a former professor at the University of Delhi. He is remembered for his contributions to the fields of plant physiology and molecular biology of plants.

Note:- The work of Guha-Mukherjee on plant tissue culture was groundbreaking and led to the establishment of techniques to culture young ovules and ovaries which inturn were used to develop improved varieties of rice, wheat and different crops.