Question

Gregor Johann Mendel, the father of genetics was
A. Austrian monk
B. British monk
C. Italian monk
D. German scientist

Answer 1

Gregor Johann Mendel who is popularly known as the ‘Father of Genetics’ is most famous for his work with breeding and cultivating pea plants to discover the principle of heredity. He used the pea plants to collect data about dominant and recessive genes.

Complete answer:
Johann Mendel was born in the Austrian Empire and his parents were Anton Mendel and Rosine Schwirtlich. Being the only boy in the family, he worked on the family farm with his older sister Veronica and his younger sister Theresia. Since his childhood, he has had a keen interest in gardening and beekeeping.
At that time, the monastery was a cultural centre for the region, and Mendel was immediately involved in the research and teaching of its members. At the monastery, he also accesses the facilities of an extensive library and experiments.
Gregor Johann Mendel is worldwide famous for his work with his pea plants in the abbey gardens. He spent about seven years in his experiment. In the garden, he planted, bred, and cultivated pea plants as a part of the experiment in the abbey garden. This garden was started by the previous abbot. Mendel used to keep the record of obtained data from the experiments with pea plants which is the main basis for modern genetics and the laws he formulated on the basis of the experiments are known as Mendel law of inheritance.
Mendel took pea plants as the sample plant of his experimental due to the following reasons. Pea plants do not demand too much care and it grows quickly in just a little nourishment. Both the male and female reproductive parts are present in pea plants. And which is most important is that pea plants seem to show one of only two variations of many characteristics.

Therefore, the correct option is option A.

Note: Gregor Johann Mendel, an Austrian monk, is best known for his invention of the principles of heredity through the experiments on the pea plant. Mendel started his hybridization experiments on garden peas and continued for seven years and finally, he proposed the laws of inheritance in living organisms which forms the basis of modern day genetical laws.