Question

Grasses, non flowering plants, shrubs and trees are the examples of
(A) Climax community
(B) Perennial plants
(C) Secondary succession
(D) Primary succession

Answer 1

It is the process of community change in an environment. It can take a lot of time and the time scale is sometimes extended to a million years and even decades also. Here the species that come earlier or several factors at first begin to normalize the environment. And thus new vegetation occurs.

Complete answer:
Let’s discuss the question and find the correct answer.
- Climax community is the last vegetation in the plant community where succession occurs. It is a stable stage and if these are defined extensively, the vegetation is then called a biome. Examples of a climax community are rain forests in tropical regions, grassland, tundra, desert, etc. The climax community remains the same until the natural calamity comes to destroy it.
- Perennial plants are defined as plants that can live on the earth for more than two years. These are also called biennial plants. They are generally short-lived. Generally, the trees don’t have hardwood. Examples of pioneer perennial plants are basil, strawberry, etc.
- Secondary succession is defined as a type of succession where animals or plants begin to live again after the destruction of one vegetation by means of landslides, floods, or human activity i.e. road or house construction, etc.
- Primary succession is defined as an ecological succession where no one lived earlier and remained as barren land. In this stage, at first, species reach to the new environment and begin to live. They are known as pioneer species. After that, new vegetation grows and continues till the climax community arrives.
Hence, Option (D) Primary succession is the correct answer.

Note: In case of primary succession, there is not present any soil whereas, in secondary succession, soils remain present from the beginning of the vegetation. Biomass remains low in primary succession and becomes higher in secondary succession.