Question

Golgi apparatus is absent in
(a) Higher plants
(b) Yeast
(c) Bacteria and Blue-green algae
(d) Liver cells

Answer 1

The prokaryotic cells are the primitive types of cells where no cell organelles are present. They are single- celled that lack the cell membrane- bound cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

Complete step by step answer:
- Bacteria and the blue- green algae are the biological cells that belong to the group of prokaryotic organisms. They were the first life form that appears on the earth and this does not contain nucleus and cell organelles like eukaryotic organisms.

- The blue-green is also known as cyanobacteria. Thye is the photosynthetic bacteria that are free- living and perform photosynthesis. They are found in almost all the habitats and have various shapes and sizes.
So, the correct answer is ‘Bacteria and Blue- green algae’.

Additional information:
- The bacterial cells lack any membrane and membrane-bound cell organelles. They do not have a true genetic material instead consisting of DNA which is composed of single circular bacterial chromosomes. All the genetic material is arranged irregularly and is found in the nucleoid.
- The nucleoid consists of the chromosome with its associated proteins and RNA.
- Bacteria usually lack large membrane- bound organelles like the nucleus, Golgi body, mitochondria, chloroplast, etc.
- The blue-green algae consist of a special DNA repair mechanism and also has the ability of natural genetic transformation that may result in recombination.
- Cyanobacteria are said to produce a harmful toxin called cyanotoxins that may cause harmful effects to plants and animals and may even lead to their death.

Note: The word bacteria is taken from the Latin word bacterium , which originates from the Greek word bakterion , meaning ‘staff, cane'. The name was based on the first discovered bacteria which was a rod- shaped bacteria. Green algae are the eukaryotic cells while blue- green algae come under prokaryotic cells that lack a nucleus. The word cyanobacteria were derived from the Greek word Kyanos , meaning Blue.