Question

Given below is a list of dry fruits. Assign the fruits to their relevant types:
(Cotton, tridax, paddy, castor, coriander, beans, peas, Calotropis, mirabilis, cashew, acacia, lady finger)
(i) Achene
(ii) Caryopsis
(iii) Cypsela
(iv) Nut
(v) Cremocarp
(vi) Lomentum
(vii) Regma
(viii) Loculicidal capsule
(ix) Septicidal capsule
(x) Follicle
(xi) Legume

Answer 1

The type of the fruit depends upon the way by which the flower bursts open and the ovule is developed into the seed. There are various ways in which the flowers can enclose their sepals around the fruit that the walls of fruit and seed may fuse together, but in some cases the sepals just spread around , giving it a bouquet look.

Complete answer:

Cotton, the fruit generally grows up by splitting up along with the septa of the ovary and eventually opens up at the top and it is clearly visible with cotton balls. This type of fruit is a Septicidal Capsule.

Fruit of tridax, it looks like an inverted umbrella and this indicates the seed is attached to the wall of the fruit like a handle and this type of fruit is known as achene.

Paddy is used for rice and the family of rice is poaceae. We have seen that the rice has not much flesh inside it and the rice itself acts as a seed. In this case the walls of the fruit get stuck with the walls of seed and thus the type of fruit is caryopsis.

Castor fruit looks like the seeds are enclosed inside a pouch or bag and thus the type is a capsule. The seeds of the coriander are like small grains and when they ripe they do not split open but instead they get split into sections and each section has seeds. This type is known as Cremocarp where carpels are infused together.

Beans are a type of legumes. Peas also belong to the type of legumes itself as they both are developed from one carpel.

Calotropis is a fruit in which the seeds are dispersed by splitting open from one end and it occurs in Follicle.

The fruit of the mirabilis does not split open on maturity so it belongs to the Achene type.

The fruit of cashew has its seed hanging out of the fruit and its fruit is fleshy so it is considered under nuts.

Acacia seeds grow in a pod-like structure longitudinal to the axis and this type of organization is called a septicidal locule. The seeds of lady fingers are also enclosed into a capsule type structure.

Note: The capsules have the arrangement of the walls of fruit in such a way that it is closed and do not open from one end on its own. Also the locules are known to be open from one end on the maturation of the fruit.