Question

Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): The oxidation state of an element in a particular compound is the charge acquired by its atom on the basis of electron gain enthalpy consideration from other atoms in the molecule.
Statement (II): $p\pi$-$p\pi$ bond formation is more prevalent in second period elements over other periods.
In the light of the above statements, choose the {most appropriate answer from the options given below:

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
• B. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
• C. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
• D. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Answer 1

Answer: (D)

Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Answer 2

Explanation:

1. Statement (I): Incorrect. - The oxidation state of an element is not determined based on electron gain enthalpy. Instead, it is based on the number of electrons lost, gained, or shared during bond formation.

2. Statement (II): Correct. - $p\pi-p\pi$ bond formation is more common in second-period elements (e.g., $C, N, O$) due to their small size and effective overlap of $p$-orbitals, which diminishes in larger elements from lower periods.

Final Answer is Option(4).