Question

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R :
Assertion A: The stability order of $+1$ oxidation state of Ga, In, and Tl is $\text{Ga}<\text{In}<\text{Tl}$.
Reason R: The inert pair effect stabilizes the lower oxidation state down the group.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
• B. A is true but R is false.
• C. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
• D. A is false but R is true.

Answer 1

Answer: (A)

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Answer 2

Assertion A is correct because the stability of the +1 oxidation state increases down the group due to the inert pair effect.
Reason R correctly explains the inert pair effect as the reluctance of the s-electrons to participate in bonding.
Thus, both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Final Answer:
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.