Question

Give two points of difference between the resistance and resistivity.

Answer 1

The electrical resistance of the conductor is directly proportional to the length of the conductor and inversely proportional to the area of the cross-section.It can be expressed as $R = \dfrac{{\rho L}}{A}$ where R is the resistance of the material, $\rho$ is the resistivity of the material, L is the length and A is the cross-sectional Area. The
resistance can also be defined as the ratio of potential difference (V) and the current (I). That is $R = \dfrac{V}{I}$

Complete step by step answer:

S.No.	Resistance	Resistivity
1.	The physical property of the conductor which opposes the flow of current and the electrons is known as the resistance and it is used to reduce the flow of current and voltages. The resistance is denoted by R and measured in ohm.	The physical property of the particular substance which is having the particular dimensions is known as the resistivity. The resistivity is denoted by $\rho$(rho) and measured in ohm-metre.
2.	It depends on the length, area of cross-sectional area, nature of the material and other physical conditions like temperature.	It depends only on the nature of the material and physical conditions like temperature and shape.

Note: In electronic circuits, the resistors are used to reduce the flow of current flow, to adjust the signal levels, to divide voltages and terminate the transmission lines whereas; the property of the resistivity is used to quality check and comparing different materials on the basis of the ability to conduct electricity.