Question

Give two examples of wheat varieties introduced in India, which are high yielding and disease resistant.

Answer 1

Wheat is an important cereal grain produced widely for its seeds. It is a grass-like species. Its seeds contain a high nutritional value. It is most often used in the preparation of bread. Wheat is cultivated as it has high economic and financial value.

Complete answer:
Wheat is the main cereal crop produced in India. It is a rabi crop. The total area where the wheat is cultivated is about 29.8 million hectares in the country. The production of wheat in India has increased in recent years. According to data provided by the agricultural department under Govt. of India, the production of wheat in the country has increased significantly from 75.81 million MT in 2006-2007 to an all-time record high of 94.88 million MT in 2011-12. The productivity of wheat which was 2602 kg/hectare in 2004-05 has increased to 3140 kg/hectare in 2011-12.
In India, it is the main crop of north and northwestern India. wheat is mainly formed in the state of north India such as Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh on a large scale. Punjab is the highest yielding state in India.
Wheat produced in India is a little soft/medium-hard, with a quantity of medium protein, white bread wheat, somewhat similar to U.S. hard white wheat. Wheat cultivated in the central and western part of India is typically hard which contains a high level of protein and high gluten content.
Climate, soil, fertilizers, and irrigation are the major factors in the cultivation of wheat. The wheat crop has wide adaptability. It can be grown both in the tropical and subtropical zones and the temperate zone. The best wheat produced in climate conditions should be cool and moist. Wheat can be cultivated in a variety of different types of soils. Soils with a clay loam or loam texture are ideal for wheat cultivation. It is mainly grown in the annual rainfall zone.
In India, several types of high yielding seeds are found, that are RR-8, Kalyan Sona, Sonalika, Sonero, Janak, Safed, Sravasti, HD-133, HD-2329, and NP-52.
The two examples of wheat varieties which are Kalyan Sona and Sonalika were introduced in India and are high yielding and disease resistant varieties.

Note: Wheat is a common and important cereal grain produced widely in India for its seeds and is a rabi crop. It is included as the staple and main food grain of north and north-western India. Temperature, rainfall, soil, and fertilizers are the major factor in the cultivation of wheat. Though there are various types of high yielding seeds found in India, Sonalika, and Kalyan Sona are the two examples of wheat varieties introduced in India which are high yielding and disease resistant.