Question

Give three ways in which salts can be prepared.

Answer 1

We can define salt as a chemical substance that contains ionic assembly of anions and cations. They comprise a related quantity of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions, so charge on the final product is electrically neutral. We have to know that ions could be inorganic (or) organic, and could be monatomic (or) polyatomic.

Complete answer:
We can say that salt is a chemical substance that has repeated amounts of cations and anions. We have to know that cations are positively charged species and anions are negatively charged species. As the charges on cations and charges on anions, we can say the charge on salt is neutral on the whole (or) does not carry net charge. We can say that component ions could be inorganic like chloride ion, (or) organic like acetate ion and could be monatomic ion like fluoride ion (or) polyatomic ion like sulfate ion.
We can prepare salts in three ways:
We can prepare salt by making an acid that reacts with base. When acid and base are reacted with one another, we obtain the product as salt and water. For example: We can obtain potassium chloride and water by reacting hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide. We can write the chemical reaction as,
$HCl + KOH \to KCl + {H_2}O$
We can prepare salt by reacting acid with metals. When metals are reacted with acid, the products obtained are salt with evolution of hydrogen gas. For example: We can obtain magnesium chloride and gaseous hydrogen by reacting magnesium and hydrochloric acid. We can write the chemical reaction as,
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgC{l_2} + {H_2}$
We can prepare salt by reacting acid with metallic oxide. When metallic oxide is reacted with acid, the product formed is salt. For example: We can obtain copper (II) chloride and water when hydrochloric acid and copper oxide are reacted together. We can write the chemical reaction as,
$CuO + 2HCl \to CuC{l_2} + {H_2}O$

Note:
We can say that a salt has a positive ion of base and negative ion of an acid. We can say that the reaction between acid and base is known as the neutralization reaction. When salts are dissolved in molten salt (or) in solution, salts are completely dissociated into positively charged ions and negatively charged ions. These salts are good electrolytes.