Question

Give the significance of fertilization.

Answer 1

They are the fusion of gametes to give rise to and initiate the development of a new human organism or offspring. Sexual reproduction is the name of this period of fertilization and the development of new individuals.

Complete answer:
The fusion of male and female gametes that leads to formation of zygote, which develops to build a new individual which is important for the continuation of the species. They produce genetic variation and help to maintain biodiversity. The procedure of fertilisation assists to restore the total number of chromosomes in the organism.
The significance of fertilisation are -
1. Fertilization maintains the diploid number of chromosomes in the newly formed zygote.
2. It mixes characters from two parents and leads to variation in the offspring.
3. It determines the sex of the offspring.
4. Fertilization introduces centrioles in the cell which are missing in the ovum.

Additional information:
The haploid male gamete combines with two haploid polar nuclei during double fertilization in angiosperm to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus via the vegetative fertilization method.
-Fertilization by the merger of haploid male and female gametes guarantees that the life form is diploid. The haploid configuration of two gametes is translated into a zygote diploid form (2n).
-It gives the zygote a new genetic constitution. Embryogenesis is initiated.
-They turn the ovules into seeds. The ovary then is converted into a fruit.
-Fertilization-formed seeds protect the generation of plants. It is also noted that due to fertilization, seeds and fruits are produced.
-The metabolic activities and the rate of protein synthesis of the egg is improved by this process.
-As food for the animal kingdom, seeds and fruits produced due to fertilization is used.

Note:
Fertilization is also termed as generative fertilization, syngamy, pollination and impregnation. Fertilization by the merger of haploid male and female gametes guarantees that the life form is diploid. The haploid configuration of two gametes is translated into a zygote diploid form (2n). It gives the zygote a new genetic constitution.