Question

Give the names of five non-infectious diseases other than that given in the lesson.

Answer 1

Non-infectious diseases are likely caused due to factors like environmental toxins, gene mutations or lifestyle factors. Common types of non-infectious diseases include cancer, diabetes, and immune system disorders.

Complete answer:
Diseases may be generally grouped into infectious and non-infectious diseases. Diseases that are quickly spread from one human to another are considered infectious diseases. A disorder that is not contagious is considered a non-infectious disease.

1. Cancer-Cancer is one of the most feared illnesses of human beings and is a leading cause of death worldwide. In our body, cell growth and differentiation are closely managed and regulated. These regulation structures are broken in cancer cells. As a result, cancer cells begin to differentiate, giving birth to clusters of cells called tumours.

2. Diabetes-Diabetes is another form of non-infectious disease. Diabetes happens when the pancreas cannot make enough insulin, or when the cells of the body are immune to insulin. Insulin is a chemical that helps balance the level of glucose in the body. If there is too little insulin or if the cells do not respond to it, the blood absorbs too much glucose. High glucose levels in the blood can damage blood vessels and other cells in the body.

3. Cardiovascular disease-Cardiovascular disease is a category of heart and blood diseases, including coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease and other illnesses.

4. Autoimmune diseases-They are caused by an overactive immune system where the body fights and destroys its own tissues. An example of this is multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis causes damage to the myelin sheath, the protective layer that protects the nerve cells in the central nervous system.

5. Asthma-Asthma is an inflammatory condition of the air passages. It makes breathing challenging and can make any physical exercise difficult or even impossible.

Note: Non-infectious diseases are classified as long-term, usually slow-moving diseases and are the primary cause of adult deaths globally. Although these illnesses are long-term disorders that can also shorten one's life expectancy, they can be controlled by preventive care and lifestyle adjustments.