Question

Give the IUPAC name of the compounds numbered (i) to (ii)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)

Answer 1

In chemical nomenclature, the method of naming organic chemical compounds is IUPAC nomenclature. The full form of IUPAC is the International Union of Organic Chemistry. The functional groups are attached as suffixes to the parent chain name.

Complete Step by step solution:
While naming any of the organic compounds, identification of the parent hydrocarbon chain is important. It should have maximum length, maximum number of multiple bonds, maximum number of single bonds. The preference of the functional group should be given according to the priority order. While numbering, the lowest number should be given to the carbon attached to the main functional group. Between the numbers, a comma should be applied. Hyphens are to be put between a number and a letter. When there are two functional groups, the functional group with more priority becomes the parent functional group whereas the second functional group is treated as the substituent. The numbering of the chain can be done in both directions that is from left to right or right to left. According to the IUPAC nomenclature, the following compounds can be named as,
(i)
The IUPAC name of this compound is 3-methylbutan-1-ol. The common name of this compound is isoamyl alcohol.
(ii)
The IUPAC name of this compound is 2,2-dimethylpropan-1-ol. The common name of this compound is neopentyl alcohol.
(iii)
The IUPAC name of this compound is 3,3-dibromo-2-methylbutan-1-oic acid. This compound can also be named as 3-bromo-2-methylbutyric acid.
(iv)
The IUPAC name of this compound is 3-methylbutan-1-al. The common name of this compound is isovaleraldehyde.
(v)
The IUPAC name of this compound is 3-methylbutan-2-al. The common name of this compound is methyl isopropyl ketone.

Note:
The priority among the following functional groups is as follows, Carboxylic acid > Aldehyde > Ketone > Alcohol The nomenclature of the compound will be done according to this priority order. Usually, functional groups define the properties of the compounds.