Question

Give the exact location of the centrosome.

Answer 1

The centrosome is an organelle found in an animal cell and serves as the centre of the cell and organizes the microtubule. The cell cycle is also regulated by it. The organelle comprising two centrioles is the centrosome.

Complete answer:
The centrosome consists of two perpendicular centrioles, a centriole of the daughter and a centriole of the mother, joined together by interconnecting fibres. It consists of a protein complex that assists in the development of extra microtubules. The centrioles cover an amorphous pericentriolar matrix.
It is involved in the nucleation and anchoring of cytoplasmic microtubules. In animal cells, the centrosome is very similar to DNA. One centrosome from the parent cell is passed to each daughter cell during the division of cells. Two microtubule rings defined as centrioles form a centrosome. Its primary function is to coordinate the microtubules and provide the cell with a structure. During cell division, it also takes chromatids apart.
Centrioles are tiny submicroscopic structures that appear in pairs within a specialised cytoplasmic structure called the centrosome. They exist above the nucleus of animal cells. For cell division, it forms spindle fibres.

Note: They help regulate spindle fibres and astral rays during cell division. Hence, they are called Organizing Microtubule Centers (MTOCs). However, centrioles are not essential for this purpose. Higher plant cells lack centrioles and they still form a shaft. They act as basal bodies at the base of the cilia and flagella. The distal centriole of the sperm creates axons or axial threads in the tail of the sperm. For mitosis, centrosomes aren't necessary. Mitosis happens with a regular spindle in the absence of centrosomes. A bipolar spindle forms the microtubules, which may undergo interphase.