Question

Give the characteristics of nervous tissue.

Answer 1

The nervous tissues are responsible for the transmission, computation, and communication of signals that the nervous system provides.

Complete step by step answer:
Characteristics of the nervous tissues are as follows:
- The structural and functional unit of the neural system is Neuron.
- Neurons are highly specialized cells that have the ability to initiate nerve impulses in response to stimuli and transmit those impulses to and fro from tissues/organs to the brain.
- The longest cells of the human body are Neurons.
- A neuron consists of 3 distinct parts: the cell body(cyton), axon, and dendrites.
- The cell body contains typical cell organelles embedded in the cytoplasm. Granular bodies called the Nissl’s granules are also present in the cytoplasm.
- The axon is a long fiber extending from the cell body. It transmits the impulse away from the cell to a synapse.
- Dendrites are short fibres which project out of the body. They help in the transmission of the impulse towards the cell body.
- Nervous tissue is made up of two major types of cells, i.e. the neurons and the Neuroglial cells.
- Neurons are the cells responsible for the transmission of signals through electrical signals.
- Transmission of a nerve impulse across a synapse is accomplished by neurotransmitters because synapse separates one neuron from another by synaptic cleft.
- Neuroglial cells provide sustenance and help in maintaining a perfect environment around the neurons. These cells exert the greatest control over the body's responsiveness to changing conditions. The makeup is more than one- half of the volume of neural tissue in the body.

Note: Lower vertebrates, e.g. Hydra, exhibit a simple type neural organization of a network of neurons as compared to that of insects, which shows the presence of a brain with numerous ganglia and neural tissues. The vertebrates have a more developed neural system.