Question

Give examples of two organelles that have their DNA

Answer 1

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule made up of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix that contains genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms and viruses. Nucleic acids include DNA and ribonucleic acid.

Complete answer:
The nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts are the three organelles that contain DNA. Organelles are membrane-bound subunits within a cell that perform specific functions, similar to organs in the body. The nucleus is the cell's command and control center, as well as the repository of genetic information. In animal and plant cells, the mitochondria and chloroplasts both produce energy. Examples of organelles with their DNA include

Chloroplasts: Chloroplasts, which are found in plant cells, have their DNA. It is the organelle that aids in the regreening of plants' green pigment, chlorophyll. Because these degrade at an early stage, the old aged plants have few green leaves. Chloroplast DNA encodes catalytic proteins known as enzymes, which are required for the photosynthetic process.

Mitochondria: Mitochondria are found in both plant and animal cells. It has its DNA and participates in enzyme synthesis and energy production. Mitochondrial DNA encodes instructions for the production of enzymes required for the oxidative phosphorylation process. To generate ATP, this process uses oxygen and simple sugars obtained from food.

Note: DNA does not exist in lysosomes or vacuoles. Lysosomes are referred to as cell suicide bags because they contain lytic enzymes capable of digesting cells and unwanted materials. This results in the release of hydrolytic enzymes. The enzymes released then digest their cell, causing it to die.