Question

Give an example of a polar neuron.

Answer 1

The cells that make up the brain and nervous system are called neurons. They are the basic units that send and receive signals that enable us to move our muscles, sense the outside world, think, remember, and much more.

Complete answer:
Neurons of various shapes and sizes can be found in various parts of the nervous system (and across species).While there are numerous neuron cell subtypes, neurons are broadly classified into four types: unipolar, bipolar, multipolar, and pseudounipolar.

Three or more processes are bound to the cell bodies of multipolar neurons. A multipolar neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites (and dendritic branches), allowing for the integration of a great deal of information from other neurons.
- The axon is one of the processes that transports electrochemical impulses (action potentials) between cells.
- Dendrites are the remaining processes. The receptive zone of multipolar neurons is made up of the cell body and dendrites.
- Different types of neurons exist, and a neuron's functional position is largely determined by its structure. Neurons come in a wide range of shapes and sizes in various areas of the nervous system (and across species).

Just one structure stretches away from the soma in unipolar neurons. These neurons don't exist in vertebrates, but they do exist in insects, where they activate muscles and glands.

One axon and one dendrite stretch from the soma of a bipolar neuron. A retinal bipolar cell is an example of a bipolar neuron, since it receives signals from light-sensitive photoreceptor cells and transmits them to ganglion cells, which bring the signal to the brain. The multipolar neuron is the most common type of neuron. One axon and several dendrites make up each multipolar neuron.

Multipolar neurons are found in the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system.
The Purkinje cell, a multipolar cerebellar neuron with many branching dendrites but only one axon, is a multipolar neuron with many branching dendrites but only one axon. Unipolar and bipolar cells have features in common with pseudounipolar cells.

Like a unipolar cell, a pseudounipolar cell has a single structure that extends from the soma and then divides into two distinct structures (like a bipolar cell). Most sensory neurons are pseudounipolar, with an axon that branches into two extensions, one receiving sensory input from dendrites and the other transmitting it to the spinal cord.

Note: Because of the structural and functional properties of interconnected neurons, the brain is what it is. Depending on the species, the mammalian brain comprises between 100 million and 100 billion neurons. A cell body, dendrites, and an axon make up each mammalian neuron.