Question

Genes for materials inheritance are located in
A. Golgi bodies
B. Mitochondria
C. Lysosomes
D. Nucleolus

Answer 1

The cell is the functional unit of life, the cells consists of cell organelles that function together. Some organelles like mitochondria and chloroplast have their own DNA that get transferred from parents to the offspring.

Complete Answer:
- To solve this question, we have to know about the cell organelles. There are many organs like structures found inside the cell and are considered as cell organelles. Each organelle has particular structure and function.
- The organelles involve; cell membrane or we also call it plasma membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, and vacuoles. Some of the organelles are found in specific organisms like plastids and cells only found in plant cells.
- The plasma membrane is the outermost layer of the animals’ cells that are permeable in nature, but in plant cells the plasma membrane is covered by a cell wall that protects the inner cells of the plant. Cytoplasm is the jelly like fluid found inside the cells that consists of different enzymes involved in metabolic reactions.
- Nucleus is double membrane bound organelles that consists of genetic materials and controls the cell activity, division and maintenance of hereditary characters. Mitochondria are considered as the powerhouse of the cell that consists of DNA, it maintains the ATP molecules within the cell and it is the respiratory site.
- Golgi bodies originate from the rough endoplasmic reticulum involved in the transport and modification of materials inside the body. Lysosomes are involved in the intracellular digestion of food, and vacuole is arising from endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies, it provides turgidity and rigidity to the plant cell.
- Among all these organelles there is one more organelles that is considered as the organelles within an organelles and it is called ribosome. Ribosomes are non membrane bound organelles made up of rRNA and proteins, it is also found in the mitochondria and chloroplasts. Ribosomes are involved in protein production or we can also call it a protein factory. It carries the code for the translation of messenger RNA to protein.
- Mitochondria are the organelles transferred from mother to the child as the mitochondria have its own DNA molecules. The characters are transferred to the next generation through the mitochondrial DNA in the cytoplasm of the egg. The mitochondria in the sperm are devastated by the egg cell after the fertilization.

Thus, the correct option is ‘B’. Mitochondria.

Note: The mitochondria of the sperm is found on its tail that is used for the pushing of the sperm cell and the tails get lost while fertilization therefore it is not inherited from the father and the mitochondria get inherited from the mother.