Question

Function of synergids is to
A. Attract pollen and bear its shock
B. Fuse with extra male gametes and form endosperm
C. Produce additional embryo
D. Protect egg from pathogens

Answer 1

Synergid cells are two specialized cells. It lies adjacent to the egg cell in the female gametophyte of angiosperms. In pollen tube guidance and function it plays an essential role.

Complete Answer:
Let's discuss and find the correct answer.

Option A: Synergids are generally two in number. These are present laterally to the egg cell. These cells are characterized by finger-like projections called filiform apparatus. They present towards the micropylar end. Due to finger-like invaginations of cell walls into the protoplasm it is formed. The synergid cells are located in the female gametophyte and are essential for angiosperm reproduction. A pollen tube grows into one of the synergid cells, ruptures and releases the sperm cells during fertilization.

Functions of synergids are:
- They secrete chemotactic substances that attract the pollen tube during fertilisation.
- These act as shock absorbers during the entry of pollen tubes in the embryo sac.
Therefore, this is the correct option.

Option B: The polar nuclei fuses with extra male gametes and form endosperm. Therefore, this is the incorrect option. The endosperm is a triploid nucleus which may or maynot be present in the seed after germination.

Option C: Embryo in flowering plants is produced after fertilization of the ovule by the pollen grain. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Option D: The egg has an outer covering which is the shell and it protects the egg from bacterial contamination. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Thus, the correct option is A) Attract pollen and bear its shock.

Note: The other functions of synergids are,
- One of the two synergids degenerate and provide a way for the entry of pollen tubes in the embryo sac.
- To guide the entry of pollen tubes and release of sperm cells.