Question

Fruit growing from hypanthodium / fruit of fig is
(a) sorosis
(b) siliqua
(c) syconus
(d) samara

Answer 1

Hypanthodium is a condensed type of inflorescence, more precisely a modification of the capitulum, characteristic of Ficus. Here the peduncle forms a hollow, fleshy, and flask-shaped receptacle. The receptacle has a terminal opening, called ostiole, for the entry of insect pollinators. The ostiole is guarded by numerous incurved hairs. Many small sessile flowers are arranged along the inner walls of the receptacle.

Complete answer:
There are 3 major groups of fruits; simple, aggregate, and multiple. Simple fruits develop from a single monocarpellary or syncarpous pistil, whereas an aggregate fruit develops from an apocarpous pistil, multiple or compound fruit develop from a complete inflorescence. Multiple fruits are formed by the fusion of the ovaries and other floral parts such as bracts, pedicels, and receptacles.sorosis, syconus, conocarpus, etc. are the different types of multiple fruits. Sorosis a composite fruit that develops from a spike, spadix, or catkin type of inflorescence.- e.g., Artocarpus, Morus. Conocarpus is multiple fruits formed by the fusion of the ovaries, floral parts, and receptacles of many flowers. It has a fleshy axis-e.g., Ananas. Syconus is the multiple fruits that develop from a Hypanthodium type of inflorescence-e.g. Ficus. In this case, the receptacle forms a hollow succulent cavity, opening out by a small apical pore.

Additional Information: -A fruit is simply a fertilized and ripened ovary, together with any floral organ that may be attached to it.
-Fruits developed entirely from the ovary is called true fruits
-In some cases other floral parts may also be incorporated with fruits, such fruits are called pseudocarps or false fruits. Example; apple, fig fruit.
-As we have already said, there are three types of fruits; simple, aggregate, and multiple.
-Simple fruits are of two kinds, fleshy and dry. In fleshy fruits, the fruit wall or pericarp is fleshy and juicy, whereas, in dry fruits, the pericarp is hard and dry.
-Dry fruits are often three kinds, dehiscent, indehiscent, and schizocarpic.
-In dry dehiscent fruits, after a certain stage of development, dry pericarp splits or breaks open and liberates seeds.
-In dry indehiscent fruits, the pericarp does not dehisce at maturity.
-Schizocarpic fruits are intermediate between dehiscent and indehiscent types.
So, the answer is C-syconus

Note: Fruits are produced only by angiosperms. Fruit development starts soon after pollination. The auxins secreted by pollen grains and capillary tissues are believed to initiate the growth of the ovary. Further growth is stimulated by auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins, secreted by seeds. Thus seeds play an important role in fruit development. Fruit formation in angiosperms is biologically significant, since it serves to protect the seed, and helps in the dispersal of seeds by wind, water, and animals.