Question

Fog is formed by
(a) Smoke
(b) Condensation of water vapors
(c) Condensation of water vapors over dust particles
(d) Both A & C

Answer 1

Fog looks like tiny water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air at or near the Earth's surface. It’s like a cloud touching the ground, it can be thick or thin, people find difficulty seeing through it. Fog can be considered a type of low-lying cloud usually resembling stratus and is heavily influenced by nearby bodies of water, topography, and wind conditions.

Complete answer:
We have seen that in any cold environment, fog shows up. Fog happens when the environment is very humid. The air around us can hold a certain amount of water vapor, or water in a gaseous state. As more and more water fills the air, the air feels more humid. The amount of water vapor in the air is known as humidity. During condensation of the water molecules, water vapor combines to make tiny liquid water droplets that hang in the air. As we know water vapor is a gas and invisible but because of the tiny water droplets, we can see the fog with our eyes. There has to be a lot of water vapor as well as dust or some kind of air pollution in the air for the fog to form. Water vapor condenses around those microscopic solid particles which leads to the formation of fog.

1. Sea fog, which shows up near bodies of salty water, is formed as water vapor condenses around bits of salt.
2. Radiation fog forms when all solar energy exits the earth and allows the temperature to meet up with the dew point.
3. Precipitation fog that forms when rain is falling through the cold air.
4. Advection fog forms from surface contact of horizontal winds. This fog can occur in windy conditions.
5. Steam fog is commonly seen in the Great Lakes but can be seen on any lake. This forms during the fall season.
6. Upslope fog forms adiabatically; that is the process that causes sinking air to warm and rising air to cool.
7. Valley fog forms in the valley when the soil is moist from previous rainfall.
8. Freezing fog occurs when the temperature falls at 32°F (0°C) or below.
9. Ice fog is only seen in the polar and arctic regions.
   So, the correct answer is, ‘(c) Condensation of water vapors over dust particles.’

Note: Don’t confuse fog with mist or smog. Fog is denser than mist means fog is more massive and thicker than mist. There are more water molecules in the same amount of space in a fog. And smog is a kind of air pollution, which is a mixture of smoke and fog in the air. Classic smog results from large amounts of coal burning in an area and is caused by a mixture of smoke and sulfur dioxide.