Question

First plant cell in which mitochondria were observed was
A. Lily
B. Nymphaea
C. Nelumbium
D. Nerium

Answer 1

Mitochondria are called powerhouses of the cell. Energy is produced in the form of ATP molecules by mitochondria. They are cellular organelles that have two membranes. Mitochondria are seen only in eukaryotic cells. They were first observed in the genus that consists of tender aquatic plants.

Complete answer:
We know that prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in many aspects. Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus and cell organelles, while eukaryotic cells possess both of them. Mitochondria are double membrane-bound cell organelles and are seen only in eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria were first observed by a scientist named Robert Altman in plant Nymphaea. The name mitochondria was coined years later by a scientist named Carl Benda. Before that, they were called bioblasts. The number of mitochondria varies according to the functions performed by the cells. Their number is greater in cells that require more energy. Keeping in mind that they are only visible structures under the microscope if they are specifically stained. Inside mitochondria, two compartments are present that are aqueous in nature. Cristae are the inner foldings seen on the inner membrane which encloses the inner compartment called matrix. These inner foldings help to increase the surface area of the organelle.
Hence, the correct option is B.

Note: Mitochondria possesses extrachromosomal circular DNA in it. They also have RNA molecules and ribosomes that help in the process of protein synthesis. In plants, plastids also have similar extrachromosomal DNA and ribosomes in it, which are smaller than cytoplasmic ribosomes.