Question

Find the number of non-polar and non-planar species among the following:
1.$S{{O}_{3}}$
2.$PC{{l}_{3}}{{F}_{2}}$
3.${{P}_{4}}$
4.$N{{H}_{3}}$
5.$C{{O}_{2}}$
6.$C{{F}_{4}}$
7.$B{{F}_{3}}$
8.$SiC{{l}_{4}}$
9.$HCl{{O}_{4}}$
10.$S{{F}_{4}}$

Answer 1

Before answering this question, we should know that the molecules having hybridization $s{{p}^{2}}$ are planar. The molecules which have hybridization $s{{p}^{3}}$ are non-planar. We can apply it now to know which molecules above are non-planar and non-polar.

Complete answer:
$S{{O}_{3}}$- Trigonal planar and Non-polar.
$PC{{l}_{3}}{{F}_{2}}$- Trigonal bipyramidal and Non-polar.
${{P}_{4}}$- Trigonal pyramidal and non-polar.
$N{{H}_{3}}$- Trigonal pyramidal and polar.
$C{{O}_{2}}$- Linear and Non-polar
$C{{F}_{4}}$- Tetrahedral and Non-polar.
$B{{F}_{3}}$- Trigonal planar and non-polar.
$SiC{{l}_{4}}$- Tetrahedral and non-planar.
$HCl{{O}_{4}}$- Tetrahedral and polar
$S{{F}_{4}}$- See-saw and polar.
Therefore, The species that are non-polar and non-planar are $PC{{l}_{3}}{{F}_{2}}$,${{P}_{4}}$,$C{{F}_{4}}$ and $SiC{{l}_{4}}$. Hence four compounds are non-polar and non-planar species.

Note:
RULES TO FIND OUT IF THE MOLECULE IS POLAR OR NON-POLAR
Firstly, Draw the lewis structures. It will help us to understand the shape of the molecule that is given. Find out the shape of the molecule, It could be Symmetric shapes - linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar. Asymmetric shapes- bent, trigonal pyramidal.
Polar molecules are asymmetrical whereas non-polar are symmetrical. All molecules having shapes bent, trigonal pyramidal is polar molecules, and the ones that are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar are non-polar.
If the outer atoms are similar, even then also they will be asymmetric. The arrangement of the atoms is the foremost priority. In a nonpolar molecule, all the atoms should be the same that are attached to the central atom and the atoms that are attached to the central atom are different, then the molecules are considered to be polar.