Question

Fill in the following table.

Name of the salt	Formula	Salt obtained from base	Salt obtained from acid
Ammonium Chloride	$N{{H}_{4}}Cl$	$N{{H}_{4}}OH$	-
Copper Sulphate	-	-	${{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}$
Sodium Chloride	$NaCl$	$NaOH$	-
Magnesium Nitrate	$Mg{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{2}}$	-	$HN{{O}_{3}}$
Calcium Nitrate	$Ca{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{2}}$	$Ca{{(OH)}_{2}}$	-

Answer 1

Base produces hydroxyl ions in solution and acid produces hydrogen ions in solution. salt on hydrolysis produces base and acid. The cation of salt associates with hydroxyl ion and anion of salt associates with a hydrogen ion.

Complete step by step solution:
-When salt undergoes hydrolysis, cation associates with Hydroxyl ion to form base and anion dissociates hydrogen ion to form acid.
-Ammonium chloride $N{{H}_{4}}Cl$ on dissociation produces ammonium cation and chloride ion. On hydrolysis, ammonium ion associates with hydroxyl ion to produce ammonium hydroxide and chloride ion associates with hydrogen ion to form Hydrochloric acid HCl.
-The formula for copper sulphate is $CuS{{O}_{4}}$. When Copper sulphate undergoes hydrolysis, cupric ion associates with two hydroxyl ion to form Copper hydroxide and -Sulphate ion associates with two hydrogen ion to form Sulphuric acid ${{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}$.
-Sodium chloride on dissociation produces sodium cation and chloride ion. On hydrolysis, sodium ion associates with hydroxyl ion to produce sodium hydroxide and chloride ion associates with hydrogen ion to form Hydrochloric acid $HCl$.
-Magnesium Nitrate on dissociation produces Magnesium ion and Nitrate ion and -Magnesium ion associates with two hydroxyl ion to form Magnesium Hydroxide $Mg{{(OH)}_{2}}$ and Nitrate ion associates with hydrogen ion to produce Nitric acid $HN{{O}_{3}}$.
-Calcium Nitrate on dissociation produces Calcium ion and Nitrate ion and Calcium ion associates with two hydroxyl ion to form Calcium Hydroxide and Nitrate ion associates with hydrogen ion to produce Nitric acid $HN{{O}_{3}}$.

Name of the Salt	Formula	Salt obtained from base	Salt obtained from acid
Ammonium Chloride	$N{{H}_{4}}Cl$	$N{{H}_{4}}Cl$	$HCl$
Copper sulphate	$CuS{{O}_{4}}$	$Cu{{(OH)}_{2}}$	${{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}$
Sodium Chloride	$NaCl$	$NaOH$	$HCl$
Magnesium Nitrate	$Mg{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{2}}$	$Mg{{(OH)}_{2}}$	$HN{{O}_{3}}$
Calcium Nitrate	$Ca{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{2}}$	$Ca{{(OH)}_{2}}$	$HN{{O}_{3}}$

Note: To obtain acid, cation in salt is replaced by hydrogen ions and anion in salt is replaced by hydroxyl ions. Valency of divalent ions should be taken into consideration. When salt undergoes hydrolysis, cation associates with Hydroxyl ion to form base and anion dissociates hydrogen ion to form acid.