Question

Explain working of hydraulic lift with the neat sketch.

Answer 1

Hydraulic lift is an application of hydraulic machines. First, we need to understand the working of hydraulics machines. The tool or machine that uses the fluid power for their working and transfers a large amount of power through small pipes is known as hydraulics machine.

Complete step-by-step solution:
The hydraulic lift is a type of elevator that uses the fluid pressure of a suitable fluid. This lift is either used to raise the hydraulic objects or to move the objects.
Designing of a hydraulic lift-
In hydraulic lifts, a space separates two pistons and this space is filled by a fluid. A well known physics equation which is also known as Pascal's law is applied in the technology of hydraulic lift. Mathematically, it states that:
${\text{P = }}\frac{F}{A}$
This equation is used to determine the pressure exertion required for the fluid filled between two pistons. This pressure produces that amount of sufficient force which is required to lift or move an object.

Diagram of hydraulic lift
Consider the cross sectional area of the first piston is A1 and the cross sectional area of the second piston is A2. The piston directly exerts a force F to the fluid. The pressure ${\text{P = }}\frac{F}{{{A_1}}}$is transferred throughout the fluid to the second piston of area A2 after that a upward force${{\text{F}}_2}{\text{ = }}P \times {A_2}$ is generated. Due to this force the piston is capable of supporting a large weighted object.
${{\text{F}}_2}{\text{ = }}P \times {A_2} = \frac{F}{{{A_1}}} \times {A_2}$By changing the force at the first piston, the lift is capable of moving up and down. Here, the term$\frac{{{A_2}}}{{{A_1}}}$is called the mechanical advantage of the hydraulic lift.

Note:- The hydraulic lift technology is generally used in industrial applications like to lift the automobiles in garages or in service stations, to move the heavy objects like shipping containers and hydraulic lifts are also used in construction sites.