Question

Explain with two examples, movements in plants which are growth independent?

Answer 1

Movements in plants appear in response to certain external or internal stimuli. The movements in plants that are stimulated by internal factors are called autonomic movements Spontaneous) and those which are stimulated by external factors are known as paratonic movements.

Complete answer: The movements in which growth do not occur are termed as growth independent movement. The growth independent movements are known as paratonic or Nastic movements
Some movements are listed as:
(1). Nyctinasty: The sleep movements in flowers and leaves are said to be nyctinastic. In impatiens,
Marsilea and Oxalis. The leaves are expanded horizontally in the day (photonasty) and droop at night. In Tulipa plant. a rise in temperature brings about opening of the flower (thermonasty)
(2). Thigmonasty: - when something is touched or contact stimulus induced variation movements are called as thigmonastic. The tentacles of Drosera leaf curve leaf margins of Pinguicula posses these kind of movements and the lamina lobes of Dionaea fold on coming in contact with an insect
(3). Seismonasty : Such movements are seen in the leaves of sensitive plant, e.g., Mimosa pudica.The leaves of plants of Mimosa droop down and the leaflets fold in response to the stimulus of touch, shock, rain, wind, electric current and sudden change in temperature. Their leaves have a pulvinus base. Pulvinus shows sudden change in K+ concentration and turgor pressure. Leaflets close and the pulvinus droop down upon loss of water.
These are the types of movement which are growth independent.

Additional information:-
Physical Movements: They are also called hygroscopic movements. They are mechanical in nature occurring in dead parts of the plant. Broadly speaking they are of two types :
(1). Hydrochasy: The hygroscopic movement arises due to imbibition of water is called as hydrochasy, e.g., movement present in the peristome of moss, elaters of Marchantia, etc.
(2).Xerochasy: The hygroscopic movement arises due to loss of water is called xerochasy, e.g. Movement occurring during dehiscence of follicles, pods, and some capsules etc.

Note: Tropic movements are the directional movement of growth . Light induced growth movements are called phototropism. Gravity induces a growth movement and is called geotropism . Growth induced by water stimulus is called hydrotropism. Chemical stimulus induces growth and is called chemotropism.