Question

Explain two ways of biodiversity conservation

Answer 1

The main goal of biodiversity conservation is to maintain species diversity. One way of biodiversity conservation is to maintain them in their native environment and the other way is to maintain them in a non-native environment.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Biodiversity refers to various animal and plant species that exist on this planet. The biodiversity conservation has three major objectives which include the preservation of the species diversity, the utilization of the sustainable species as well as the ecosystem, and maintains various life systems as well as the ecological process. Biodiversity conservation is performed by two methods. They include in situ conservation and ex-situ conservation
In situ conservation: The conservation of various species in their natural environment is called in situ conservation. In this process, the natural ecosystem stays protected and preserved. National parks, biosphere reserves, and wildlife sanctuaries are examples of in situ conservation.
National parks: It is created as well as protected by the national government. The boundaries of the national parks are well demarcated and human activities such as grazing, cultivation, etc, are prohibited. Example: Bandipore national park.
Wildlife sanctuaries: Only wild animals are found in wildlife sanctuaries. Human activities like harvesting of timber, wood collection, and cultivation are permitted as far as these activities do not interfere with wildlife conservation.
Biosphere reserve: The traditional lifestyle and of the plants and animals are protected in the biosphere reserve.
Ex-situ conservation: The propagation and endangered species maintenance in non-natural ecosystems such as botanical gardens, zoos, gene banks, nurseries, etc are called ex-situ conservation. The competition between food, water as well as space amongst other species is very less. Sometimes genetic methods can be utilized to preserve the endangered species.

Note: One example is the tiger conservation project in India which was initiated in the year 1973. In India, till now there are 50 tiger reserves that aim to protect the wilderness of the tiger by maintaining them in its natural environment.