Question

Explain the process of digestion of food in the mouth and stomach in the human body.

Answer 1

Digestion is the break-up into small water-soluble food molecules of large insoluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the plasma of the watery blood. These smaller substances of certain species are ingested into the bloodstream through the small intestine.

Complete answer:

Digestion is vital because to function properly and remain healthy, your body requires nutrients from food and drink.
Nutrients include proteins, fats, carbohydrates, external vitamins, external minerals, and water. Your digestive system breaks down nutrients into pieces that are small enough to be absorbed and used by your body for energy, development, and cell repair.
->Breaking proteins into amino acids
->Fats divide into glycerol and fatty acids
->Simple sugars break into carbohydrates
->By a mechanism called peristalsis, food passes through your GI tract.
Mouth: When you eat, food begins to pass into your GI tract. Your tongue forces the food into your mouth as you swallow. To avoid choking, a thin flap of tissue, called the epiglottis, folds over your windpipe and the food passes through your oesophagus.
When you chew, the digestive process begins in your mouth. Saliva, a digestive juice that moistens food so it passes more easily through your stomach through your oesophagus, is formed by your salivary glands. There is also an enzyme in Saliva that starts breaking down starches in your food.

Stomach: The muscles of the stomach combine the food and liquid with digestive juices after food reaches the stomach. The stomach slowly empties its contents into the small intestine, called chyme.Your digestive organs break the food into smaller parts as food moves through your GI tract using:
Movement, such as chewing, combining, and squeezing
Digestive juices, such as vinegar, bile, and enzymes from the stomach Glands make stomach acid and enzymes that break down food in the lining of your stomach. The muscles of your stomach mix these digestive juices with food.
->First, the stomach contains 3 digestive juices, hydrochloric acid ( HCl), pepsin and mucous acid. To change it to an acidic medium, HCl works on the food.
->Pepsin is a protein digesting enzyme that requires this acidic medium for the pepsin to act on the food.
->The protein is broken down into simpler proteins. When produced in the stomach, mucous is for protection against excess HCL and corrodes its wall, causing acidity.
->The sphincter muscle relaxes and opens after the digestive juices of the stomach operate on the food so that food passes through the duodenum and enters the small intestine.
->The tiny intestine is also known as the digestion site where all the food is digested.

Note: The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract and the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder, also called the GI tract or digestive tract. The GI tract is a series of hollow organs connected together from the mouth to the anus in a long, twisting tube. The mouth, oesophagus, liver, small intestine, large intestine, and anus are the hollow organs that make up the GI tract. The solid organs of the digestive system are the liver, pancreas and gallbladder.