Question

Explain the industrial production of phenol of high purity and less production cost and also explain the bromination of phenol.

Answer 1

We know that when bromine water is added to a solution of phenol in water, the bromine water is decolorized and a white precipitate is formed which smells of antiseptic. We know that the reaction of phenol and water with bromine is known as bromination of phenol. Solvent has a great influence on reaction.

Complete answer:
The cumene method (cumene-phenol method, Hock process) is an associate process for synthesizing phenol and dimethyl ketone from benzene and gas. This method converts two comparatively low-cost beginning materials, benzine and gas, into a lot of valuable ones, phenol and dimethyl ketone. Different reactants needed are atomic numbers from air and tiny amounts of a radical instigator.

Reaction of phenol with halogen is understood as bromination of phenol. Solvent has a nice influence on the reaction. In different solvents, different merchandise are obtained. Action of halogen on phenol is explained as reaction with halogen in water: Phenol reacts with halogen water to provide $2,4,6-$tribromophenol. In water ionization is facilitated. Phenol gets ionized to create phenoxide particles, which is an even higher ortho-para directive. Bromine additionally gets ionized to a larger extent to create a sizable amount of bromonium ions.

Reaction with halogen in $C{{S}_{2}}$: Phenol reacts with halogen in presence of Carbon disulphide to create a mixture of o-bromophenol and p-bromophenol. Among that p-bromophenol predominates. In $C{{S}_{2}}$ ionization isn't facilitated that a lot of.

Note:
Remember that Bromination of phenol is a substitution reaction. Where the bromine replaces hydrogen present in the benzene ring of phenol. The water solvent when phenol treated with gives a polybromo derivative in which all hydrogen atoms at ortho, meta, and para positions with respect to the $-OH$ group are replaced by bromine atoms.