Question

Explain the following with example:
1.Saturated hydrocarbon
2.Denaturation of alcohol
3.Displacement reaction
4.Combustion of hydrocarbon
5.Hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Answer 1

We know that the unsaturated hydrocarbons like alkene and alkyne have a double or triple bond between the carbon atoms. These multiple bonds are reduced by the addition of hydrogen molecules. The hydrogen molecules when added to the unsaturated organic compounds form a saturated hydrocarbon.

Complete answer:
The hydrogenation reaction is a reaction in which the hydrogen molecule is added to the carbon-carbon double bond or olefin the hydrogen molecule is added to the organic compound and this is also called the reduction reaction. The hydrogen is added to the olefin. This is an additional reaction of hydrogen gas that takes place in presence of a catalyst. Let's consider an example of an ethane molecule. The ethane is the simplest olefin.
1.Saturated hydrocarbon: Saturated hydrocarbons square measure hydrocarbons that contain solely single bonds between carbon atoms. They’re the best category of hydrocarbons. They’re known as saturated as a result of every atom is secured to as several hydrogen atoms as attainable. In different words, the carbon atoms square measure saturated with hydrogen. Example is methane series.
2.Denaturation of alcohol: Ethyl alcohol, conjointly known as alkyl spirits or denatured corrected spirit, is grain alcohol that has additives to create it toxic, unhealthy tasting, foul smelling or noisome, to discourage recreational consumption. In some cases it's conjointly coloured. This method is thought of as Denaturation of alcohol.
3.Displacement reaction: Chemical reaction could be a chemical change during which an additional reactive part displaces a less reactive part from its compound. Each metals and non-metals participate in displacement reactions. Reaction of iron nails with copper sulfate answer.
4.Combustion of hydrocarbon: Organic compound combustion refers to the kind of reaction wherever an organic compound reacts with gas to make dioxide, water, and heat. Hydrocarbons are molecules consisting of hydrogen and carbon. They’re most renowned for being the first constituent of fossil fuels, particularly natural gas, petroleum, and coal. For this reason, fuel resources square measure typically remarked as organic compound resources. Energy is obtained from fossil fuels through combustion (burning) of the fuel.
5.Hydrogenation of unsaturated Hydrocarbon: Chemical process could be a chemical change between molecular hydrogen and another compound or element, sometimes within the presence of a catalyst like nickel, metal or noble metal. The method is often utilized to cut back or saturated organic compounds. Chemical process usually constitutes the addition of pairs of hydrogen atoms to a molecule, typically an alkene. Catalysts are needed for the reaction to be usable; a non-catalytic chemical process takes place solely at terribly high temperatures. Chemical process reduces double and triple bonds in hydrocarbons.
The hydrogenation reaction of ethane involves the addition of hydrogen atoms across the double bond. Such that the double-bonded carbon atoms hold on an extra hydrogen atom followed by the breaking of one bond.

Note:
Note that, generally, the hydrogenation reactions are slow. The metal acts as a catalyst and provides the alternate pathway for the progress of the reaction by lowering the activation energy of the reaction. The unsaturated alkene is converted into the saturated or single bonded hydrocarbon.