Question

Explain the following terms giving one example of each type:
(i) Antacids,
(ii) Disinfectants,
(iii) Enzymes.

Answer 1

Antacids are used to neutralize the gastric acids. Disinfectants are used to kill bacteria on inert surfaces. Enzymes are used to speed up chemical reactions.

Complete step by step answer:
(i) The antacids as the name indicates works against acid. Antacids are used to control the acidity of the stomach. Aluminum hydroxide gel and magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia) are examples of antacids.
(ii) The chemical reagents that are used to destroy the microorganism such as bacteria on an inert surface are known as a disinfectant. Disinfectants can kill the microorganism or just weaken or reduce the amount of harmful microorganism. Different chemical compounds such as Hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite are the compounds of chlorine. These compounds are dissolved in water to make a chlorine solution.
Chlorine in the concentration of to ppm in aqueous solution, mixed with sulphur dioxide to make disinfectant.
(iii) Enzymes are the chemical compounds made up of protein and used to increase the rate of a chemical reaction. The enzymes decrease the activation energy of a reaction and thus increase the rate of reaction. Alcohol dehydrogenase which converts the alcohol to aldehyde and DNA polymerase which is used in the polymerization of DNA, are the example of enzymes.

Note: Antacids are used to treat the heartburn, upset stomach. Antacids also contain simethicone which helps to get rid of gas. Milk is also an antacid. Disinfectants are used on the inert surface of such a floor. Disinfectant has a higher amount of chemical compounds. Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a reaction to occur.