Question

Explain brood parasitism and ‘sexual deceit’ as an interaction of species with an example each.

Answer 1

This is when a bird lays its eggs in another bird's nest. The host bird is then responsible for raising and feeding the chick of the parasite bird (as the owner of the nest is called). The other is the mechanism in which the flower petal bears an eerie similarity in scale, color, and markings to the female of the bee.

Complete answer:
Parasitism of the brood is a method by which the organisms lay their eggs in the other birds' nest. The other birds help to incubate the eggs and look after the eggs. In birds, this type of parasitism happens.
The cuckoo bird, for instance, lays his eggs in the crow's nest. Over the time of development, the cuckoo bird's eggs started to mimic crow's eggs. This generates a misconception that the eggs are from the crow and that those eggs are taken care of.
An example of mutualism in which the flower acts like a female insect to attract the male insect for pollination is sexual deception. The flowers of the orchid are modified in such a way that the female insect resembles one petal of the flower. The male insects visit the flowers during which the pollen are dusted on their body and perform pseudocopulation. That results in pollination when another flower is visited by the male insect.

Additional Information: Brood parasitism relieves parasite parents from investing in raising young people or building nests for young people, allowing them to spend more time on other activities such as foraging and the production of additional offspring. By distributing eggs among a number of different hosts, bird parasite species mitigate the risk of egg loss. As this behavior harms the host, as the pair of species coevolve, it often results in an evolutionary arms race between the parasite and the host.

Note: Pseudocopulation describes copulation-like activities that serve one or both participants with a reproductive purpose but do not require direct sexual union between the individuals. Most commonly, it is applied to a pollinator seeking to copulate with a flower. Some flowers visually imitate a possible female mate, but the key stimuli are often chemical and tactile. This type of plant mimicry is known as Pouyannian mimicry.