Question

Explain briefly:
(a)Capillary water
(b)Osmosis
(c)Aeroponics

Answer 1

Capillary, osmosis, and aeroponics are the methods of water movement in soil and towards the basis of the plant. These methods of water movement help in uprising the water content of the soil. The movement of water in soil depends on soil.

Complete answer:
Capillary water
-The ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the help of external forces like gravity.
-Capillarity motion in water occurs thanks to intermolecular forces between the liquid and surrounding solid surface and due to the pressure of cohesion and adhesion which causes the liquid work against gravity.
-The upward movement of a liquid against the force of gravity inside narrow spaces in the soil is called capillary rise. This property of liquid is called capillarity.
-Capillary water is held in the capillary pore or micropore which is retained on the soil particles.
-The molecules of capillary water are free and mobile and are present in a liquid state which makes water evaporate easily at ordinary temperatures.
-Plant roots are able to absorb the capillary water thus, known as available water.
-Factors affecting capillary water:
a)Surface Tension: With the increase in surface tension, the amount of capillary water also increases.
b)SoIl Texture: As the greater the surface area and greater the number of micropores results in a finer the texture of a soil and greater the amount of capillary water.
c)Organic Matter: The greater the presence of organic matter results in an increase in the amount of capillary water holding capacity.

Osmosis
-Osmosis is the phenomenon of movement of solvent molecules from their higher contraction to lower concentration or from an answer of low concentration to high concentration through semipermeable membranes.
-In osmosis, only solvent particles move. Solute particles tend to not move and therefore the movement is through the semipermeable membrane.
Aeroponics
-Aeroponics is the practice of growing plants in an air and mist environment without the utilization of soil or nutrient medium under the aseptic condition in a greenhouse or laboratories.
-Aeroponics helps in making any land useful for production with nutrient and pH control.
-In this root zone temperature is maintained with effective drainage and availability of root oxygen.
-This method conserves water by lower usage and nutrient and pH control.

Note: -Examples of capillary action:
-Drawing up of liquids between the hairs in the paintbrush.
-Drainage of constantly producing tear fluid from the eye.
-Observed in the thin layer chromatography.
-Drawing of ink to the tips of fountain pen nibs.
-Moving of groundwater from wet areas of the soil to dry areas.