Question

Ethyl benzoate can be prepared from benzoic acid by using
A .Ethyl alcohol
B. Ethyl alcohol and dry $HCl$
C. Ethyl chloride
D. Sodium ethoxide

Answer 1

Hint : We know that reactions of carboxylic acids involving $C-OH$ bond cleavage definition, Reactions involving cleavage of $C-OH$ Bond are Formation of anhydride, Esterification, Reaction with $~PC{{l}_{3}},\text{ }PC{{l}_{5}},\text{ }SOC{{l}_{5}}$ Reaction with ammonia, Preparation of esters from carboxylic acids

Carboxylic acids react with alcohols in presence of an acid catalyst to give esters and water.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Ethyl benzoate is prepared by reacting benzoic acid and ethanol in the presence of dry $HCl.$ This reaction is known as esterification reaction

${{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}COOH+{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}OH\underset{{}}{\overset{DryHCl}{\longleftrightarrow}}{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}COO{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}+{{H}_{2}}O$
$Benzoic Acid+Ethanol\overset{DryHCl}{leftrightarrows}Ethyl Benzoate+Water$
This reaction proceeds with equilibrium. Therefore, ${{H}_{2}}O$ is continuously removed from the reaction. For preparation of ester products. Benzoic acid was first described. The name was derived from gum benzoin. It is a crystalline organic compound. It is white and belongs to the family of carboxylic acid. It was first prepared from coal tar. It is used in various ways, like manufacturing of insect repellents, below are some uses of benzoic acid in our life
Ethyl benzoate is used as a perfume scent. It acts as a food flavoring agent. It is an active component of artificial fruit flavors. Further, it is used in cosmetics and personal care products as fragrance ingredients and preservatives
Therefore, Correct answer is Option B i.e. Ethyl benzoate can be prepared from benzoic acid by using ethyl alcohol and dry $HCl.$

Note :
Note that the preparation of amines from carboxylic acids, Carboxylic acids can be converted to amines through the Schmidt reaction. The acid-catalyzed reaction of hydrogen azide with carboxylic acids gives corresponding amines with one less carbon atom.