Question

Erythropoietin is secreted from
A) Pituitary gland
B) Pancreas
C) Adrenal gland
D) Kidney

Answer 1

Hormones are the chemical messengers secreted in the blood by endocrine glands that target specific tissues and organs of the body to exert their functions. They help in body metabolism, growth and development, sexual and reproductive growth, cognitive functions, maintenance of body temperature and homeostasis, etc.

Complete answer:
It is a small, pea-shaped, pinkish colored gland that lies in a depression called the sella turcica of the skull. It is anatomically divided into posterior and anterior pituitary that secrete different hormones. Posterior pituitary secretes only oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone while anterior pituitary secretes six hormones- FSH, ADH, Prolactin, TSH, growth hormone, and corticotropin.

Pancreas :It is an elongated, yellow colored, second largest gland located in the loop of duodenum. It is a heterocrine gland. The endocrine part of the pancreas is called the islets of the Langerhans that secretes hormones- insulin and glucagon.
Adrenal glands:These are a pair of yellowish colored, pyramid shaped glands that are present on the upper border of the kidneys. It secretes various hormones like adrenaline, nor adrenaline, aldosterone, sex corticoids like androgens and estrogens.
Kidney:The juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney secrete a hormone called erythropoietin. It is a glyco proteinaceous hormone secreted by the afferent arteriole in the kidney in response to reduced RBC count i.e. anemia. The hormone stimulates erythropoiesis i.e. RBC formation in the bone marrow.

Note: Endocrine glands are the ductless glands that release hormone directly into the blood and then the blood carries it all around in the body. The study of endocrine gland and hormones is called endocrinology.