Question

Enterogastrone is present in
A. Stomach
B. Small Intestine
C. Oesophagus
D. Both A and B

Answer 1

Food, water and other nutritional supplements are essential requirements to humans. They use these sources to derive energy and for growth, development, and cell repair. However, the food consumed needs to be metabolized within the body to derive its nutrients. Digestion is a metabolic reaction wherein food breaks down into nutrients. Nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and vitamins are derived from food sources. Carbohydrates include starch, sugar, fiber, etc. Proteins are derived from foods such as eggs, meat, beans, etc.

Step by step answer: Digestion is the metabolic process wherein the food breakdowns into smaller and smaller portions until they can be absorbed and incorporated into the body. This is a major function carried out by the human digestive system. The digestive system of humans includes the gastrointestinal tract and other solid organs such as the pancreas, gallbladder, and liver that facilitate the digestion process.
-The gastrointestinal tract constitutes the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. In the first stage of the digestion process, gastric secretions are released in response to the smell and sight of food, this is called the cephalic phase. This stage involves the breakdown of food by chewing. Digestive enzymes present in the mouth then chemically breakdown the food furthermore. Once the food reaches the inside of the body, different digestive enzymes are released that facilitate the absorption and assimilation of nutrients.
-Due to the accumulation of dietary lipids or fatty foods in the stomach or small intestine, there could be an obstruction in the forward movement of chyme. In response to this, the duodenal mucosa secretes enterogastrone hormones. The motility and gastric secretion in the stomach are inhibited by the enterogastrone by blocking the gastrin production or activity. This occurs because gastrin is responsible for gastric secretions in the stomach.
-The chemical constituents of enterogastrone are still unknown. Intestinal secretions were discovered to have more than one hormone. Out of these hormones, the two hormones identified are called secretin and cholecystokinin. Initially, the functions associated with enterogastrone have been determined to be the functions of these two hormones.
-Secretin is a peptide hormone released to regulate secretions in the pancreas, liver and stomach, in turn regulating the small intestine’s environment. They also partake in regulating the body’s water homeostasis.
-Cholecystokinin is also a peptide hormone that is synthesized and secreted by the enteroendocrine cells present in the duodenum of the small intestine. They are responsible for catalyzing the fat and protein digestion and are released with secretion.
Hence, the correct answer is Option B. The small intestine because duodenal mucosa is an intestinal portion.

Note: The digestive system of the human body includes the stomach, oesophagus, and small intestine as well. The large intestine is known as the largest part of the gastrointestinal tract. Water absorption and waste storage prior to excretion are done here. Defecation is known as the removal of waste from the body.