Question

_________ energy is the main driving force of the ecological system.
A. Hydro
B. Solar
C. Electric
D. Mechanical

Answer 1

The ecosystem or the ecological system represents the conjunction of the living organisms with the non-living components of nature and the environment and these living and nonliving components are linked together through an energy source or a nutrient cycle.

Step by step answer: The food chain or the nutrition cycle plays an important role in maintaining the equilibrium in the ecological system and the production of food in the plant to its consumption by the herbivore, and then to carnivore forms a food chain, that usually consists of five levels of consumption which are producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers, and decomposers, but in general the organisms form food webs rather than food chain by feeding on more than one form of food, and by feeding at more than one trophic level as carnivores capture some prey which is part of a plant-based trophic system and others that are part of a detritus-based trophic system.
The producers of the energy source in the ecosystem are the plants and they produce food by photosynthesis by producing organic matter from the inorganic carbon or energy source. Sunlight or solar energy is the driving force in the process of photosynthesis. The energy to produce the food is provided and the organic matter is produced after many enzymatic reactions. These plants or the carbon source in the form of food are consumed by the herbivores and then are decomposed by decomposers and allow the regulation of the carbon cycle forming the source of fossil fuels. The carnivores feed on the herbivores or secondary consumers and become tertiary consumers.
Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: External and internal factors control the ecosystems as external factors like climate, and parent material that forms the soil and topography, control the overall structure of an ecosystem and the internal factors control decomposition, root competition, shading, disturbance, succession, and the types of species present.