Question

ELISA is used to detect viruses where the key reagent is
A. Alkaline phosphatase
B. Catalase
C. DNA probe
D. RNase

Answer 1

ELISA is commonly called the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It is a common laboratory technique that is used in a given solution or sample to measure the concentration of analytes that are antibodies or antigens. The aim of an ELISA is to determine whether and how much of a specific protein is present in a sample.

Complete answer: Also known as the Enzyme Immunosorbent Assay, ELISA has become a commonly used serological technique for the identification of AIDS in people infected with HIV in the blood serum. Some of the enzymes used for labeling in the ELISA test are alkaline phosphatase, β-galactosidase, lactoperoxidase, etc.
-Catalase is known to be one of the most effective antioxidant enzymes. This decomposes the peroxide of hydrogen into water and oxygen. It is used in many oxidative stress-related diseases as a therapeutic agent.
-DNA probes are single-stranded DNA stretches used through hybridization to detect the presence of complementary nucleic acid sequences (target sequences). In general, DNA probes are labeled with radioisotopes, epitopes, or fluorophores to allow the detection of the target sequence.
-Ribonucleases are commonly referred to as RNase, a broad class of RNA-degrading enzymes that all organisms possess and are extremely common in the environment. At a particular recognition site, RNase cleaves RNA molecules, so the enzyme is widely used for the removal of RNA within DNA and protein samples in molecular biology.
Hence the correct answer is option A- Alkaline phosphatase.

Note: In an infected person, there are numerous other diagnostic tests used to diagnose the disease. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is one of the methods that is used to diagnose disease before the signs occur in an individual's body.