Question

Electronegativity values for elements are useful in predicting:
A.Bond energy of a molecule
B.Polarity of a molecule
C.Nature of an oxide
D.all

Answer 1

EN or electronegativity accounts for the tendency by an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons toward itself from a low EN atom. It corresponds to bond energy, polarity, nature of oxide, metallic and non metallic behavior.

Complete answer:
Electronegativity is the tendency of a covalently bonded atom to attract shared electrons towards itself. It has no unit. It regularly increases in a period because it does not depend on stable electronic configuration. Factors affecting electronegativity are as follows: atomic size is inversely proportional to EN, effective nuclear charge is directly proportional to EN and s character in hybridized orbital is directly proportional to EN.
Applications of EN:
Metals have low EN and non metal have high EN, so we can say metallic character increases down the group with decrease in EN or metallic character decreases along the period with increasing EN.
By increasing difference in EN of bonded atoms, bond length decreases and hence bond energy decreases. Thus, bond energy is directly proportional to EN in covalently bonded atoms.
For hydrides, with increased EN difference between bonded atoms, stability of that hydride increases. For example: order of stability of hydride in hydrohalide is ${\text{HF}} > {\text{HCl}} > {\text{HBr}} > {\text{HI}}$ . In case of Oxides, if EN difference between atom and oxygen is greater than $2.3$ , then oxide will be basic and if EN difference between atom and oxygen is less than $2.3$ , then oxide will be acidic. For EN difference equals to $2.3$ , have amphoteric oxide.
Acidic strength of oxide and oxyacids are directly proportional to EN or we can say basic strength of oxide is inversely proportional to EN. Thus, oxide of metal is basic due to low EN and on the other hand, oxide on non metal is acidic due to high EN.

Thus, the correct option is D.

Note:
Fluorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table. If the EN of the bonded atom is the same, then the bond is nonpolar and on the other hand, if the EN of the bonded atom is not the same, then the bond between them will be polar.