Question

Electromagnets are made of soft iron because soft iron has

• A. low retentivity and high coercive force
• B. high retentivity and high coercive force
• C. low retentivity and low coercive force
• D. high retentivity and low coercive force

Answer 1

Answer: (C)

low retentivity and low coercive force

Answer 2

Magnetic retentivity determines the magnetism left in the material after the magnetizing field has been switched off. Electromagnets are operated in conditions requiring fast reversal of polarity, so high retentivity is undesirable.
Susceptibility determines to what extent the material responds to the applied field. This means it determines the extent to which the material will be magnetized when a field of given strength is applied. Therefore, electromagnets must be made of materials having high susceptibility and low retentivity. Soft iron is such a material.