Question

Ecological hotspots present in India are
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four

Answer 1

Hint:- Ecology is a branch of biology related to the spatial and temporal trends, including causes and effects, of the distribution and abundance of species. Ecology is not synonymous with ecology or simply natural history. Ecology overlaps with the disciplines of evolutionary biology, genetics and ethology, which are closely related. For ecologists, an important focus is to enhance the understanding of how biodiversity impacts ecosystem functioning.

Complete Answer:-
Ecological hotspots (also known as a biological hotspot) is a term used for areas with exceptional habitats or a high concentration of biological values. These values can apply to endangered or extinct species, special habitats, or numbers of individual species of global significance. The idea is based on a strategy where conservation efforts and funds are focused on a comparatively limited number of main biodiversity sites. The following two conditions must be satisfied for a region to qualify as a hotspot for biodiversity:
- The area must contain at least 1.500 endemic vascular plant species.
- The region must have lost at least 70 percent of its natural primary vegetation.
There are currently 4 ecological hot spots found in India. The 4 hotspots of biodiversity in our country are the Himalayas, the Indo-Burma region, the Western Ghats and the Sundaland. The appearance of various endangered species is one of the main features of these areas.

Therefore the correct answer to this question is option D.

Note:- Ecological hotspots constitute 2.3 percent of the Earth's land area. At present, 36 hotspots of biodiversity occur in the world and out of which most of them are found in tropical forests. Some of the hottest ecological hotspots are Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands, Indo-Burma, India and Myanmar, Philippines.