Question

Each stomata is surrounded by
A.Passage cells
B.Guard cells
C.Parenchyma cells
D.Lenticels

Answer 1

Stomata also called stomates are tiny pores which are found in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs of the plant. They control the rate of gas exchange.

Complete answer:
Stomata is used to refer to the entire stomatal complex which consists of its surrounding cells and the pores. This is referred to as stomatal aperture. Air enters these pores by gaseous diffusion and contains carbon dioxide from the atmosphere which can be used by the leaves during photosynthesis and releases oxygen in atmosphere which can be used by other organisms during their respiration process.
Let us analyze the options to find out the correct option.

Option A: Passage cells are thin walled suberized cells which are found in the endodermis of vascular plants often found opposite to protoxylem strands. They are also called transfusion cells. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Option B: Guard cells are specialised plant cells that surround the stomata and help in gaseous exchange. They are produced in pairs with a gap between them which forms the stomatal pore. They are kidney shaped cells. Therefore, this is the correct option.

Option C: Parenchyma cells are isodiametric cells which only have a primary cell wall and retain their ability for future cell division. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Option D: Lenticels are pores found in the stem of woody plants which allow gaseous exchange between the environment and the internal tissues of the plant. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B)

Note: Guard cells are the cells that help to regulate transpiration by opening and closing of stomata. In the presence of light, guard cells take up water by osmosis and it becomes turgid while in darkness water is lost and pores get closed.