Question

During translation, activated amino acids get linked to (RNA). This process is commonly called as
A. Charging of tRNA
B. Discharging of tRNA
C. Aminoacylation of tRNA
D. Both (A) and (C)

Answer 1

Translation is the process of conversion of mRNA to amino acid during protein synthesis. During translation, the tRNA carries the codon for the amino acid to be synthesised. The first codon is AUG which is known as the start codon.

Complete Answer:
To solve this question, we must know about the translation.
The translation takes place in three steps-
1. Initiation- The initiation takes place when the first tRNA is attached at the start codon or AUG. The amino acid should be activated for the translation to take place. It ensures the recognition of correct amino acid and availability of sufficient energy for the peptide bond formation.
- This amino acid activation is also called as charging or aminoacylation of tRNA. The enzyme aminoacyl transferase helps in binding ATP to amino acid releasing PP. The AMP- amino acid complex binds with tRNA by the help of Aminoacyl synthetase.
2. Elongation- The tRNA transfers the amino acid to the tRNA of the next codon.
3. Termination- It occurs when the stop codon is reached.

Thus the correct answer is (D).

Note: Translation is a very important step of protein synthesis. It terminates when mRNA codes for stop codons. The stop codons are also called nonsense codons which do not code for any amino acid. The stop codons are UAA, UAG, UGA.