Question

During the stages of succession in a given ecosystem, the following changes in characteristics may be observed.

Characteristics	Stages in ecosystem development - Early	Stages in ecosystem development - Late
Total organic matter	Low	High
Species diversity	Low	High
Size of organism	Small	Large
Productivity	Low	High
Food Chain	Short	Long

Which one of the characteristics, A, B, C, D or E is responsible for the apparent high degree of stability associated with a climax ecosystem?
a. B
b. D
c. A
d. E

Answer 1

Hint:- The ecosystem is the ecological structure and functional unit in which living organisms communicate with each other including the surrounding environment. In other terms, the chain of contact between organisms and their environment is an ecosystem. A.G. Tansley, an English botanist, first introduced the word “Ecosystem” in 1935.

Complete Answer:-
In ecology, the climax is the final stage of biotic succession that can be accomplished by a plant population in a region under the environmental conditions present at a given time. An ecological community where plant or animal species remain stable and live in harmony with each other and their climate. A climax society is the final stage of succession, remaining largely unchanged before destroyed by an event such as fire or human intervention.
Total organic matter keeps changing, and it is not responsible for stability. The size of the organism also does not determine the stability, as it can be both large and small during the early and late stages. Productivity is the generation of biomass, so it also keeps changing. The food chain is the transfer of energy from one species to another, and it can be either large or short. Species diversity is most important for the climax ecosystem. The relationship among the diversity of species and community sustainability highlights the necessity within biological communities to establish the greatest possible richness.
Thus, the right option is A.

Note:- The corporation of both biotic and abiotic components characterizes the structure of an ecosystem. In our ecosystem, this involves the distribution of energy. It also includes the prevailing climatic conditions in that specific environment. In an ecosystem, the biotic and abiotic components are interconnected. It is an open system in which energy and components can flow across borders