Question

During filtration, the solution collected at the bottom of the conical flask is called?

Answer 1

We know that filtration is a physical process by which the solid particles are separated from liquids or gases using a filter or a membrane as a medium that retains solid particles and lets the liquid or gases pass through the membrane.

Complete answer:
When the mixture is poured in the filter paper, the liquid passes to the filter paper and gets collected in the flask and the solid particles remain above the filter paper. Thus, the liquid obtained is known as filtrate. A filter or a membrane is used to separate substances in two different states and the process is called filtration process.
When the insoluble solid is added in the liquid, the solid moves down to the bottom of the container and settles down due to its heavier weight than the liquid. The technique is known as sedimentation. This process results in the formation of two layers in the container, one of solid and one of liquid. The liquid thus floating above the solid is clear and can be easily separated by pouring the liquid into another container. This liquid is known as supernatant liquid. In this process, there is no use of filter paper. When the insoluble solid is added in the liquid, some solid particles move down to the bottom of the container and some minute undissolved solid particles keep on moving within the container. These solid particles can be separated from the liquid by the process of filtration. In this process, a conical flask is assembled to collect the liquid with the filter paper.
Therefore, during filtration, the solution collected at the bottom of the conical flask is called the filtrate.

Note:
Remember that the physical states in which the substances can occur are solid and liquid or solid and gas. Here, generally the filters are of physical, biological or mechanical in nature. The fluid that is filtered out is called the filtrate and the solid that remains or collected on the filter is the residue. The thin filter medium is a barrier that is crossed by very minute particles of liquid whereas big grains stay on the filter.