Question

During anaphasic movements of chromosomes, ______ of each chromosome is/are towards the pole and _____ of the chromosome trail(s) behind.
A)Centromere, arms
B)Arms, centromere
C)Chromatids, centromere
D)None of these

Answer 1

Anaphase is the phase in mitotic cell division in which the duplicated chromosomes split and the daughter chromatids move to the opposite poles of the cell. The spindle fibres pull the chromosomes towards the pole.

Complete answer:
The Mitosis is the process of cell division which takes place in the somatic cells. It consists of four major phases- Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase followed by cytokinesis. During mitosis one cell divides into two identical daughter cells. Mitosis is vital for growth and repair of cells.

Let us discuss the Anaphase.
This phase is followed by metaphase. In this phase, each pair of chromosomes separates into two similar and independent chromosomes. The chromatids are separated by a mitotic spindle. The separated chromosomes are pulled by the spindle to the opposite poles of the cell.

The movement of chromosomes, the centromeres initiate the path where the arms move behind. The anaphase chromosome looks like V, L, J, I in shape.

Centromere is the specialised region which contains DNA segments. It is the region at which sister chromatids attach. The spindle fibres are linked to the chromosome at the centromere.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A)

Note: The chromosomes can be metacentric where the centromere is at the middle, sub-metacentric where the centromere is off-centre, Acrocentric in which one arm is relatively shorter than the other and telocentric where centromere is found at the end of the chromosome. In this only one arm exists and the other is not found.