Question

Due to increasing air-borne allergens and pollutants, many people in urban areas are suffering
from a respiratory disorder causing wheezing due to
A. Benign growth on mucosa lining of the nasal cavity
B. Inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles
C. Proliferation of fibrous tissues and damage of the alveolar walls
D. Reduction in the secretion of surfactants by pneumocytes

Answer 1

The respiratory disorders are caused by the small minute particles when they enter the bronchioles. When unwanted foreign particles enter the body’s mechanism, they cause irritation and inflammation. This makes breathing tough and painful.

Complete answer: When there is difficulty inbreathing, the condition is called asthma. It causes wheezing due to the inflammation of bronchioles. The allergens and pollutants enter the nasal cavity and cause allergic reactions. Due to more pollution in the urban areas, respiratory disorders are more common there.
Option A: Benign growth on mucosa lining of the nasal cavity: This causes the sinonasal hemangiomas and paranasal sinuses. This occurs in the nasal cavity rather than the lungs.
Option B: Inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles: The entry of allergens and pollutants cause inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles. The allergic reaction causes inflammation.
Option C: Proliferation of fibrous tissues and damage of the alveolar walls: The alveoli are the extreme vessels in the lungs. The damage to them causes serious problems and the proliferation of fibrous tissues causes pulmonary fibrosis. This occurs usually due to tobacco smoke.
Option D: Reduction in the secretion of surfactants by pneumocytes: Pnuemocytes prevent collapsing of the alveoli by maintaining the surface tension, thus various surfactants are released for this purpose. If the surfactant secretion will decrease, the alveoli will collapse and expire.
So the answer is option B: Inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles

Note: The respiration is the basic necessity of the body to stay alive. The oxygen we need to breathe is obtained from the environment. It is purified by the lungs and releases the carbon dioxide outside in the atmosphere. The human respiratory system signifies the exchange of gases. It has very minute vessels to filter out the oxygen to make it available to the whole body. The inspired air is the air with more oxygen and expired air is the one expelled from the lungs having more of the carbon dioxide.